Matter & Energy

Photons can be so entangled that within quantum mechanics their states cannot be described without using complex numbers. (Credit: QOT/jch)

The imaginary part of quantum mechanics actually exist, say scientists

It was usually assumed that complex numbers, those containing a component with the imaginary number i (i squared equals minus one), are only a mathematical trick. A Polish-Chinese-Canadian team of scientists has proven, however, that the imaginary part of quantum mechanics can be seen in action in the real world, the Centre of New Technologies at the University of Warsaw reports.

  • Credit: Mateusz Król, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, R. Mirek et al., Nano Letters 2021

    Warsaw researchers develop neural network using 'massive' photons

    Researchers have become the first in the world to build a neural network (artificial neuron) based on 'massive' photons - light particles behaving as if they had mass (called polaritons).

  • Scientists show how to use silica to achieve stability of super-precise nanostructures made of DNA and nanoparticles. Credit: Paweł Majewski

    Scientists ‘go ashore’ with embroidering DNA threads

    It has been known for some time how to use DNA strands to embroider 2D shapes and build nanometer-sized structures. But these structures were stable only in the aquatic environment. Now scientists have shown how to go "ashore" with the solutions and use DNA to produce super-resistant nano-objects.

  • Technology

    Artificial life of shape-shifters

    “Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic” (Arthur C. Clarke). Researchers are working on a shape-shifting robotic material able to transform into any object or machine. Strong like solids and transformable like fluids, will T-1000 terminators knock on our doors soon?

  • Photons with an energy of 200 teraelectronvolts are most likely emitted by protons colliding with interstellar gas. The primary source of protons is pulsar HAWC J1825-134 (in the orange circle), the role of the actual accelerator is played by the star cluster [BDS2003] 8 (dark blue). (Source: HAWC)

    HAWC: Are photons of extreme energies coming from the Galaxy's largest accelerator?

    For years, in the vastness of our galaxy, astrophysicists have been tracking down pevatrons – natural accelerators of particles with monstrous energies. Thanks to the HAWC Observatory for Cosmic Radiation, another probable trace of their existence has just been found: photons with some of the highest energies. However, what is particularly important is that this time the high-energy photons have not only been recorded, but also their probable place of origin has been determined.

  • Co-authors dr. Arunlibertsen Lawzer i dr. Thomas Custer of research demonstrate the molecules of the astrochemical interest at the Planetarium of the Copernicus Science Centre. Source: IPC PAS, Grzegorz Krzyzewski

    Uncovering exotic molecules of potential astrochemical interest

    Looking at the night sky, one’s thoughts might be drawn to astrochemistry. What molecules inhabit the vast spaces between the stars? Would we see the same molecules that surround us here on Earth? Or would some of them be more exotic—something rarely observed or even unknown?

  • The Cygnus Cocoon region with the source of photons up to 100 TeV, coinciding with the young Cygnus OB2 cluster of massive stars. (Source: IFJ PAN / HAWC)

    A monumental particle accelerator in the Cygnus Cocoon

    At the heart of Cygnus, one of the most beautiful constellations of the summer sky, beats a source of high-energy cosmic ray particles: the Cygnus Cocoon. An international group of scientists at the HAWC observatory has gathered evidence that this vast astronomical structure is the most powerful of our galaxy's natural particle accelerators known of up to now.

  • Credit: Fotolia

    Researchers find ‘precise mixture’ of light and sound

    A Polish-German research team have mixed nanoscale sound waves with light quanta by using an artificial atom that converts vibrations of a sound wave into single quanta of light - photons with unprecedented precision.

  • Credit: Fotolia

    Angular momentum in nuclear fission like a bursting balloon

    The angular momentum in nuclear fission is similar to a bursting balloon, says new research.

  • Credit: Mateusz Król

    Photons like massive particles with spin?

    “We managed to use light, i.e. massless photons, to make something that resembles a group of particles that have spin. In this case, the polarization of light replaces spin,” says Professor Jacek Szczytko from the University of Warsaw.

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